First Syrian Republic

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "First Syrian Republic" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Syrian Republic الجمهورية السورية (Arabic) al-Jumhūrīyah as-Sūrīyah République syrienne (French)
1930–1950
Flag Coat of arms (1945–1950)
Anthem: حُمَاةَ الدِّيَار "Ḥumāt ad-Diyār" ("Guardians of the Homeland")[1]
Territory of the Syrian Republic as proposed in the unratified Franco-Syrian Treaty of 1936. (Lebanon was not part of the plan). In 1938, Alexandretta was also excluded.
Status	Component of the Mandate of Syria and the Lebanon (1930–1946)
Capital	Damascus
Common languages	Arabic, French, Syriac, Armenian, Kurdish, Turkish
Religion	Islam (all branches incl. Alawite), Christianity, Judaism, Druzism, Yazidism
Government	French Mandate (1930–1946) Parliamentary republic[citation needed] (1946–1950)
High Commissioner
• 1930–1933 (first)	Henri Ponsot
• 1944–1946 (last)	Étienne Paul Beynet
President
• 1932–1936 (first)	Muhammad Ali al-Abid
• 1945–1949 (last)	Shukri al-Quwatli
Prime Minister
• 1932–1934 (first)	Haqqi al-Azm
• 1950 (last)	Nazim al-Kudsi
History
• Constitution	14 May 1930
• Treaty of Independence	9 September 1936
• Hatay State	7 September 1938
• Syrian sovereignty / UN admission	24 October 1945
• Withdrawal of French troops	17 April 1946
• New constitution	5 September 1950
Area
• Total	192,424 km2 (74,295 sq mi)
Currency	Syrian pound
Preceded by Succeeded by 1930: State of Syria 1936: Alawite State Jabal Druze State 1938: Hatay State 1950: Second Syrian Republic
Today part of	Syria Turkey Israel (disputed)

The First Syrian Republic,^[2][a] officially the Syrian Republic,^[b] was formed in 1930 as a component of the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, succeeding the State of Syria. A treaty of independence was made in 1936 to grant independence to Syria and end official French rule, but the French parliament refused to accept the treaty. From 1940 to 1941, the Syrian Republic was under the control of Vichy France, and after the Allied invasion in 1941 gradually went on the path towards independence. The proclamation of independence took place in 1944, but only in October 1945 was the Syrian Republic de jure recognized by the United Nations; it became a de facto sovereign state on 17 April 1946, with the withdrawal of French troops. It was succeeded by the Second Syrian Republic upon the adoption of a new constitution on 5 September 1950.^[4]

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).